English

SIMPly add a dark photon

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology 2023-04-14 v2 Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics

Abstract

Pions of a dark sector gauge group can be strongly interacting massive particle (SIMP) dark matter, produced by the freeze-out of 323 \to 2 interactions, with naturally large self-interactions. We study if adding a dark photon to the set-up can do it all: i) maintain thermalization with the visible sector, ii) resonantly enhance the 323\to2 interactions, thus allowing for a perturbative pion description, and iii) provide a velocity dependent self-interaction that can affect small scale structure formation. For Nf=3N_f=3 this minimal setup is marginally excluded, as the required kinetic mixing is too small to maintain thermal equilibrium with the SM. Adding an extra dark quark opens up parameter space, and -- perhaps somewhat surprisingly -- we find that all bounds can be satisfied for dark pion masses mπ250600m_\pi \sim 250-600\,MeV. Dropping the small scale structure requirement iii), a viable setup is reproduced for dark charges of αd=0.011\alpha_d = 0.01-1 and a dark pion mass mπ30m_\pi \geq 30 MeV. Late time annihilations are non-negligible making the SIMP dark pion a bit WIMPy.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2301.04513,
  title  = {SIMPly add a dark photon},
  author = {Pieter Braat and Marieke Postma},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2301.04513},
  year   = {2023}
}

Comments

18 pages, 14 pages appendices, 3 figures

R2 v1 2026-06-28T08:09:24.168Z