English

Separation of plane sets by equidistant simple closed curves

General Topology 2024-04-01 v1 Geometric Topology

Abstract

We prove that if two subsets A{A} and B{B} of the plane are connected, A{A} is bounded, and the Euclidean distance ρ(A,B)\rho({A},{B}) between A{A} and B{B} is greater than zero, then for every positive ε<ρ(A,B)\varepsilon<\rho({A},{B}), the sets A{A} and B{B} can be separated by a simple closed curve (also known as a Jordan curve) whose points all lie at distance ε\varepsilon from the set A{A}. We also prove that the ε\varepsilon-boundary of a connected bounded subset A{A} of the plane contains a simple closed curve bounding the domain containing the open ε\varepsilon-neighbourhood of A{A}. It is shown that in both statements the connectivity condition can be significantly weakened. We also show that the ε\varepsilon-boundary of a nonempty bounded subset of the plane contains a simple closed curve. This result complements Morton Brown's statement that the ε\varepsilon-boundary of a nonempty compact subset of the plane is contained in the union of a finite number of simple closed curves.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2403.20166,
  title  = {Separation of plane sets by equidistant simple closed curves},
  author = {Aleksei Volkov and Mikhail Patrakeev},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2403.20166},
  year   = {2024}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T15:38:19.190Z