English

Semi-invariants of Binary Forms Pertaining to a Unimodality Theorem of Reiner and Stanton

Combinatorics 2021-09-15 v2 Representation Theory

Abstract

The symmetric difference of the qq-binomial coefficients Fn,k(q)=[n+kk]qn[n+k2k2]F_{n,k}(q)={n+k\brack k}-q^{n}{n+k-2\brack k-2} was introduced by Reiner and Stanton. They proved that Fn,k(q)F_{n,k}(q) is symmetric and unimodal for k2k \geq 2 and nn even by using the representation theory for Lie algebras. Based on Sylvester's proof of the unimodality of the Gaussian coefficients, as conjectured by Cayley, we find an interpretation of the unimodality of Fn,k(q)F_{n,k}(q) in terms of semi-invariants. In the spirit of the strict unimodality of the Gaussian coefficients due to Pak and Panova, we prove the strict unimodality of the symmetric difference Gn,k,r(q)=[n+kk]qnr/2[n+krkr]G_{n,k,r}(q)={n+k\brack k}-q^{nr/2}{n+k-r\brack k-r}, except for the two terms at both ends, where n,r8n,r\geq8, krk\geq r and at least one of nn and rr is even.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2011.01467,
  title  = {Semi-invariants of Binary Forms Pertaining to a Unimodality Theorem of Reiner and Stanton},
  author = {William Y. C. Chen and Ivy D. D. Jia},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2011.01467},
  year   = {2021}
}

Comments

13 pages, to appear in a special issue of the International Journal of Mathematics dedicated to the memory of Professor S.S. Chern