High-level manipulation of facial expressions in images --- such as changing a smile to a neutral expression --- is challenging because facial expression changes are highly non-linear, and vary depending on the appearance of the face. We present a fully automatic approach to editing faces that combines the advantages of flow-based face manipulation with the more recent generative capabilities of Variational Autoencoders (VAEs). During training, our model learns to encode the flow from one expression to another over a low-dimensional latent space. At test time, expression editing can be done simply using latent vector arithmetic. We evaluate our methods on two applications: 1) single-image facial expression editing, and 2) facial expression interpolation between two images. We demonstrate that our method generates images of higher perceptual quality than previous VAE and flow-based methods.
@article{arxiv.1611.09961,
title = {Semantic Facial Expression Editing using Autoencoded Flow},
author = {Raymond Yeh and Ziwei Liu and Dan B Goldman and Aseem Agarwala},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1611.09961},
year = {2016}
}