Semantic denoising autoencoders for retinal optical coherence tomography

Noise in speckle-prone optical coherence tomography tends to obfuscate important details necessary for medical diagnosis. In this paper, a denoising approach that preserves disease characteristics on retinal optical coherence tomography images in ophthalmology is presented. By combining a deep convolutional autoencoder with a priorly trained ResNet image classifier as regularizer, the perceptibility of delicate details is encouraged and only information-less background noise is filtered out. With our approach, higher peak signal-to-noise ratios with $\mathrm{PSNR} = 31.2\,\mathrm{dB}$ and higher classification accuracy of $\mathrm{ACC} = 85.0\,\%$ can be achieved for denoised images compared to state-of-the-art denoising with $\mathrm{PSNR} = 29.4\,\mathrm{dB}$ or $\mathrm{ACC} = 70.3\,\%$, depending on the method. It is shown that regularized autoencoders are capable of denoising retinal OCT images without blurring details of diseases.