Scaling Quantum Networks via Phase-Stable Vacuum Beam Guide: Architectural Blueprint and Benchmark

Scaling quantum networks to continental distances requires physical infrastructure capable of overcoming both exponential attenuation and severe phase decoherence. While the concept of vacuum beam guide (VBG) has recently emerged as a promising low-loss solution, we move beyond it by proposing a rigorous physical-layer architectural blueprint anchored by empirical data and methods from Advanced LIGO, particularly regarding its interferometric stability in dynamic environments. To evaluate its system-level viability, we benchmark this architecture against various protocols across quantum communication, metrology, and computation. Ultimately, we identify no fundamental technical blockers to scaling this infrastructure.