Superconducting diodes, characterized by nonreciprocal supercurrent transport, offer transformative opportunities for ultra-low-power circuits. However, achieving reliable operation at temperatures above liquid nitrogen remains a major challenge, limiting their practical applicability. Here, we present a scalable strategy for high-temperature superconducting diodes based on intrinsic Josephson junctions naturally present in a cuprate superconductor. We demonstrate that strong nonreciprocity arises not only from broken spatial and time-reversal symmetries, but also from enhanced anharmonicity in the current-phase relation, enabled by the atomically thin barrier of the intrinsic junction. The diode efficiency strongly depends on the number of stacked intrinsic junctions, with the highest efficiency occurring in single-junction devices. Notably, these high-temperature superconducting diodes are readily scalable to large arrays, marking a critical step toward practical implementation in energy-efficient computing architectures.
@article{arxiv.2508.06083,
title = {Scalable High-Temperature Superconducting Diodes in Intrinsic Josephson Junctions},
author = {Zihan Wei and Youkai Qiao and Yang-Yang Lyu and Da Wang and Tianyu Li and Leonardo Rodrigues Cadorim and Ping Zhang and Wen-Cheng Yue and Dingding Li and Ziyu Song and Zixi Wang and Yunfan Wang and Milorad V. Milošević and Yong-Lei Wang and Huabing Wang and Peiheng Wu},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.06083},
year = {2025}
}