English

Sampling of globally depolarized random quantum circuit

Quantum Physics 2019-11-07 v1

Abstract

The recent paper [F. Arute et al. Nature {\bf 574}, 505 (2019)] considered exact classical sampling of the output probability distribution of the globally depolarized random quantum circuit. In this paper, we show three results. First, we consider the case when the fidelity FF is constant. We show that if the distribution is classically sampled in polynomial time within a constant multiplicative error, then BQPSBP{\rm BQP}\subseteq{\rm SBP}, which means that BQP is in the second level of the polynomial-time hierarchy. We next show that for any F1/2F\le1/2, the distribution is classically trivially sampled by the uniform distribution within the multiplicative error F2n+2F2^{n+2}, where nn is the number of qubits. We finally show that for any FF, the distribution is classically trivially sampled by the uniform distribution within the additive error 2F2F. These last two results show that if we consider realistic cases, both F2mF\sim2^{-m} and mnm\gg n, or at least F2mF\sim2^{-m}, where mm is the number of gates, quantum supremacy does not exist for approximate sampling even with the exponentially-small errors. We also argue that if F2mF\sim2^{-m} and mnm\gg n, the standard approach will not work to show quantum supremacy even for exact sampling.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1911.02220,
  title  = {Sampling of globally depolarized random quantum circuit},
  author = {Tomoyuki Morimae and Yuki Takeuchi and Seiichiro Tani},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1911.02220},
  year   = {2019}
}

Comments

9 pages, no figure

R2 v1 2026-06-23T12:07:03.812Z