English

$S_8$ increases with effective redshift in $\Lambda$CDM cosmology

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics 2023-12-06 v3 High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Theory

Abstract

Hubble constant H0H_0 and weighted amplitude of matter fluctuations S8S_8 determinations are biased to higher and lower values, respectively, in the late Universe with respect to early Universe values inferred by the Planck collaboration within flat Λ\LambdaCDM cosmology. If these anomalies are physical, i.e. not due to systematics, they naively suggest that H0H_0 decreases and S8S_8 increases with effective redshift. Here, subjecting matter density today Ωm\Omega_{m} to a prior, corresponding to a combination of Planck CMB and BAO data, we perform a consistency test of the Planck-Λ\LambdaCDM cosmology and show that S8S_8 determinations from fσ8(z)f \sigma_8(z) constraints increase with effective redshift. Due to the redshift evolution, a 3σ\sim 3 \sigma tension in the S8S_8 parameter with Planck at lower redshifts remarkably becomes consistent with Planck within 1σ1 \sigma at high redshifts. This provides corroborating support for an S8S_8 discrepancy that is physical in origin. We further confirm that the flat Λ\LambdaCDM model is preferred over a theoretically ad hoc model with a jump in S8S_8 at a given redshift. In the absence of the CMB+BAO Ωm\Omega_m prior, we find that >3σ> 3 \sigma tensions with Planck in low redshift data are ameliorated by shifts in the parameters in high redshift data. Results here and elsewhere suggest that the Λ\LambdaCDM cosmological parameters are redshift dependent. Fitting parameters that evolve with redshift is a recognisable hallmark of model breakdown.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2303.06928,
  title  = {$S_8$ increases with effective redshift in $\Lambda$CDM cosmology},
  author = {Shahnawaz A. Adil and Özgür Akarsu and Mohammad Malekjani and Eoin Ó Colgáin and Saeed Pourojaghi and Anjan A. Sen and M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.06928},
  year   = {2023}
}

Comments

4 pages, 6 figures; v2 references updated, discussion on complementary weak and CMB lensing observations added; v3 added plots and discussion, accepted at MNRAS letters

R2 v1 2026-06-28T09:13:36.407Z