We present an optimized scheme for nanoscale measurements of temperature in a complex environment using the nitrogen-vacancy center in nanodiamonds. To this end we combine a Ramsey measurement utilized to temperature determination with advanced optimal control theory. We test our new design on single nitrogen-vacancy centers in bulk diamond and fixed nanodiamonds, achieving better readout signal than with common soft or hard microwave control pulses. We demonstrate temperature readout using rotating nanodiamonds in an agarose matrix. Our method opens the way to measure temperature fluctuations in complex biological environment. The used principle however, is universal and not restricted to temperature sensing.
@article{arxiv.1808.04087,
title = {Robust and efficient control of spin probes in a complex (biological) environment. Towards sensing of fast temperature fluctuations},
author = {Philipp Konzelmann and Torsten Rendler and Ville Bergholm and Andrea Zappe and Veronika Pfannenstill and Marwa Garsi and Florestan Ziem and Matthias Niethammer and Matthias Widmann and Sang-Yun Lee and Philipp Neumann and Jörg Wrachtrup},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1808.04087},
year = {2018}
}