English

Ring class fields and a result of Hasse

Number Theory 2024-04-19 v2

Abstract

For squarefree d>1d>1, let MM denote the ring class field for the order Z[3d]Z[\sqrt{-3d}] in F=Q(3d)F=Q(\sqrt{-3d}). Hasse proved that 33 divides the class number of FF if and only if there exists a cubic extension EE of QQ such that EE and FF have the same discriminant. Define the real cube roots v=(a+bd)1/3v=(a+b\sqrt{d})^{1/3} and v=(abd)1/3v'=(a-b\sqrt{d})^{1/3}, where a+bda+b\sqrt{d} is the fundamental unit in Q(d)Q(\sqrt{d}). We prove that EE can be taken as Q(v+v)Q(v+v') if and only if vMv \in M. As byproducts of the proof, we give explicit congruences for aa and bb which hold if and only if vMv \in M, and we also show that the norm of the relative discriminant of F(v)/FF(v)/F lies in {1,36}\{1, 3^6\} or {38,318}\{3^8, 3^{18}\} according as vMv \in M or vMv \notin M. We then prove that vv is always in the ring class field for the order Z[27d]Z[\sqrt{-27d}] in FF. Some of the results above are extended for subsets of Q(d)Q(\sqrt{d}) properly containing the fundamental units a+bda+b\sqrt{d}.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2403.04986,
  title  = {Ring class fields and a result of Hasse},
  author = {R. Evans and F. Lemmermeyer and Z. -H. Sun and M. van Veen},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2403.04986},
  year   = {2024}
}

Comments

26 pages; added author Sun and Theorem 6.2 and Section 8

R2 v1 2026-06-28T15:13:04.306Z