Review of the ${\mathbf \Lambda}$(1405): A curious case of a strange-ness resonance

During its long-lasting history, the $\Lambda(1405)$ has become a benchmark for our understanding of the $\rm SU(3)$ hadron dynamics. Starting with its theoretical prediction and later experimental verification, until the most recent debates on the existence of the second broad pole, it emerged as a fruitful research area sparking many theoretical and experimental developments. This review intends to provide the reader with the current status of research on the $\Lambda(1405)$-resonance, reflecting on historical, experimental and theoretical developments. A common database for experimental results and a comparison of most recent theoretical approaches will be provided in the last two parts of this manuscript.