English

Restricted permutations refined by number of crossings and nestings

Combinatorics 2021-05-18 v4

Abstract

Let st={st1,,stk}st=\{st_1,\ldots,st_k\} be a set of kk statistics on permutations with k1k\geq 1. We say that two given subset of permutations TT and TT' are stst-Wilf-equivalent if the joint distributions of all statistics in stst over the sets of TT-avoiding permutations Sn(T)S_n(T) and TT'-avoiding permutations Sn(T)S_n(T') are the same. The main purpose of this paper is the (cr,nes)-Wilf-equivalence classes for all single patterns in S3S_3, where cr and nes denote respectively the statistics number of crossings and nestings. One of the main tools that we use is the bijection Θ:Sn(321)Sn(132)\Theta:S_n(321)\rightarrow S_n(132) which was originally exhibited by Elizalde and Pak in \cite{ElizP}. They proved that the bijection Θ\Theta preserves the number of fixed points and excedances. Since the given formulation of Θ\Theta is not direct, we show that it can be defined directly by a recursive formula. Then, we prove that it also preserves the number of crossings. Due to the fact that the sets of non-nesting permutations and 321-avoiding permutations are the same, these properties of the bijection Θ\Theta leads to an unexpected result related to the q,p-Catalan numbers of Randrianarivony defined in \cite{ARandr}.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1808.03764,
  title  = {Restricted permutations refined by number of crossings and nestings},
  author = {Paul M. Rakotomamonjy},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1808.03764},
  year   = {2021}
}

Comments

22 pages, 8 tables and 8 figures