English

Resonance in the K2-19 system is at odds with its high reported eccentricities

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics 2020-07-02 v2

Abstract

K2-19 hosts a planetary system composed of two outer planets, b and c, with size of 7.0±0.2 R7.0\pm 0.2~R_\oplus and 4.1±0.2 R4.1\pm0.2~R_\oplus , and an inner planet, d, with a radius of 1.11±0.05R1.11\pm 0.05 R_\oplus. A recent analysis of Transit-Timing Variations (TTVs) suggested b and c are close to but not in 3:2 mean motion resonance (MMR) because the classical resonant angles circulate. Such an architecture challenges our understanding of planet formation. Indeed, planet migration through the protoplanetary disk should lead to a capture into the MMR. Here, we show that the planets are in fact, locked into the 3:2 resonance despite circulation of the conventional resonant angles and aligned periapses. However, we show that such an orbital configuration cannot be maintained for more than a few hundred million years due to the tidal dissipation experienced by planet d. The tidal dissipation remains efficient because of a secular forcing of the innermost planet eccentricity by planets b and c. While the observations strongly rule out an orbital solution where the three planets are on close to circular orbits, it remains possible that a fourth planet is affecting the TTVs such that the four planet system is consistent with the tidal constraints.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2003.04931,
  title  = {Resonance in the K2-19 system is at odds with its high reported eccentricities},
  author = {Antoine C. Petit and Erik A. Petigura and Melvyn B. Davies and Anders Johansen},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.04931},
  year   = {2020}
}

Comments

Accepted in MNRAS, replaced with published version