English

Reliable Non-Leveled Homomorphic Encryption for Web Services

Cryptography and Security 2026-05-11 v3

Abstract

With the ubiquitous deployment of web services, ensuring data confidentiality has become a challenging imperative. Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) presents a powerful solution for processing encrypted data; however, its widespread adoption is severely constrained by two fundamental bottlenecks: substantial computational overhead and the absence of a built-in automatic error correction mechanism. These limitations render the deployment of FHE in real-world, complex network environments impractical. To address this dual challenge, this work puts forward a new FHE framework that enhances computational efficiency and integrates an automatic error correction capability through new encoding techniques and an algebraic reliability layer.Our prototype is evaluated through encrypted low-degree activation timing, one experimental public Refresh skeleton invocation, and transport-fault simulations for the Ring--BCH layer. Our current prototype quantifies the cost of encrypted low-degree activation evaluation, the additional latency of an experimental public Refresh skeleton, and the robustness gained from the Ring--BCH transport layer. The Refresh prototype should be interpreted as a skeleton rather than a complete CKKS bootstrapping implementation, since it uses a low-degree surrogate rather than a validated EvalMod circuit. In transport-fault simulations, the BCH interleaver reduces failure rates to below 0.5%0.5\% under bursty faults and keeps the modeled accuracy within 0.50.5 percentage points of the plaintext baseline.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2508.02943,
  title  = {Reliable Non-Leveled Homomorphic Encryption for Web Services},
  author = {Baigang Chen and Dongfang Zhao},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.02943},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

Updated for WWW'26: We updated some experimental results originally published at WWW'26. Please kindly refer to the latest version here on arXiv; the one published at WWW'26 might be outdated

R2 v1 2026-07-01T04:34:16.956Z