Relative difference between up and down quark structure of the proton
Abstract
We presen a novel determination of the down-to-up composition ratio using the forward-backward asymmetry observed in the proton-proton collisions at the LHC. This method offers unique insights into the flavor-specific difference between down and up quarks, which are difficult to isolate in traditional cross-section measurements due to the inherent mixing of contributions from both flavors. In this study, we systematically measure the down-to-up quark ratio over a broad momentum fraction (x) range of 0.01 to 0.1, utilizing the sensitivity of the forward-backward asymmetry to quark-level couplings. Our findings reveal significant deviations in both the value and x-dependence of this ratio compared to predictions from current parton distribution functions (PDFs). These discrepancies highlight potential limitations in existing PDF parameterization and emphasize the importance of flavor-separated measurements for advancing our understanding of proton structure.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2505.17608,
title = {Relative difference between up and down quark structure of the proton},
author = {Mingzhe Xie and Siqi Yang and Wenhao Ma and Minghui Liu and Liang Han and C. -P. Yuan},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.17608},
year = {2025}
}