English

Real-Time Control of a Virtual Orchestra by Recognition of Conducting Gestures

Human-Computer Interaction 2026-05-01 v1

Abstract

We present a museum installation in a 180{\deg} dome theater, which gives the museum visitor the experience of conducting a symphony orchestra. We have pre-recorded a short music piece performed by a professional orchestra. This recording is played back in the dome with the visitor standing in the conductor's position. The visitor's gestures are captured with a vision-based skeleton tracker, steering the recording playback pace via a gesture recognition module that translates the gestures into a time control signal. This is sent to a playback module that plays the recording in the dome at the corresponding speed. The gesture recognition module is based on a hierarchical LSTM network, trained with recorded sequences of multiple conductors with different level of expertise conducting the same recording. The system is evaluated with a quantitative study of the estimated timing accuracy, a user study evaluating the musical realism and usability of the real-time control, and a field study to evaluate the performance of the entire system with real museum visitors.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2604.27957,
  title  = {Real-Time Control of a Virtual Orchestra by Recognition of Conducting Gestures},
  author = {Mert Mermerci and Emile Pascoe and Fredrik Edström and Hedvig Kjellström},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.27957},
  year   = {2026}
}