English

ReactEmbed: A Plug-and-Play Module for Unifying Protein-Molecule Representations Guided by Biochemical Reaction Networks

Machine Learning 2026-05-26 v3

Abstract

State-of-the-art models represent proteins and molecules in separate embedding manifolds, limiting the modeling of systemic biological processes. We introduce ReactEmbed, a lightweight, plug-and-play module that bridges this gap. ReactEmbed leverages biochemical reaction networks as a source of functional context, based on the principle that co-participation in reactions defines a shared functional scope. The module aligns frozen embeddings from models like ESM-3 and MolFormer into a unified space using a weighted reaction graph and a specialized sampling strategy. This process enriches unimodal embeddings and enables strong performance on cross-domain benchmarks. ReactEmbed offers a practical method to unify biological representations without costly retraining. The code and database are available for open use\footnote{https://github.com/amitaysicherman/ReactEmbeded}.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2501.18278,
  title  = {ReactEmbed: A Plug-and-Play Module for Unifying Protein-Molecule Representations Guided by Biochemical Reaction Networks},
  author = {Amitay Sicherman and Kira Radinsky},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2501.18278},
  year   = {2026}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T21:25:24.371Z