Re-Structuring Method for the Negative Sign Problem in Quantum Spin Systems

We present detailed discussions on a new approach we proposed in a previous paper to numerically study quantum spin systems. This method, which we will call re-structuring method hereafter, is based on rearrangement of intermediate states in the path integral formulation. We observed our approach brings remarkable improvement in the negative sign problem when applied to one-dimensional quantum spin $1/2$ system with next-to-nearest neighbor interactions. In this paper we add some descriptions on our method and show results from analyses by the exact diagonalization and by the transfer matrix method of the system on a small chain. These results also indicate that our method works quite effectively.