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Random Cloud: Finding Minimal Neural Architectures Without Training

Machine Learning 2026-04-30 v1 Artificial Intelligence

Abstract

I propose the \emph{Random Cloud} method, a training-free approach to neural architecture search that discovers minimal feedforward network topologies through stochastic exploration and progressive structural reduction. Unlike post-training pruning methods that require a full train-prune-retrain cycle, this method evaluates randomly initialized networks without backpropagation, progressively reduces their topology, and only trains the best minimal candidate at the end. I evaluate on 7 classification benchmarks against magnitude pruning and random pruning baselines. The Random Cloud matches or outperforms both baselines in 6 of 7 datasets, achieving statistically significant improvements on Sonar (+4.9+4.9pp accuracy, p=0.017p{=}0.017 vs magnitude pruning) with 87\% parameter reduction. Crucially, the method is faster than both pruning baselines in 4 of 5 datasets (0.67--0.94×\times the cost of full training), since it avoids training the full-size network entirely.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2604.26830,
  title  = {Random Cloud: Finding Minimal Neural Architectures Without Training},
  author = {Javier Gil Blázquez},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.26830},
  year   = {2026}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T12:41:43.588Z