QUBIC V: Cryogenic system design and performance
Abstract
Current experiments aimed at measuring the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) use cryogenic detector arrays and cold optical systems to boost the mapping speed of the sky survey. For these reasons, large volume cryogenic systems, with large optical windows, working continuously for years, are needed. Here we report on the cryogenic system of the QUBIC (Q and U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology) experiment: we describe its design, fabrication, experimental optimization and validation in the Technological Demonstrator configuration. The QUBIC cryogenic system is based on a large volume cryostat, using two pulse-tube refrigerators to cool at ~3K a large (~1 m^3) volume, heavy (~165kg) instrument, including the cryogenic polarization modulator, the corrugated feedhorns array, and the lower temperature stages; a 4He evaporator cooling at ~1K the interferometer beam combiner; a 3He evaporator cooling at ~0.3K the focal-plane detector arrays. The cryogenic system has been tested and validated for more than 6 months of continuous operation. The detector arrays have reached a stable operating temperature of 0.33K, while the polarization modulator has been operated from a ~10K base temperature. The system has been tilted to cover the boresight elevation range 20 deg -90 deg without significant temperature variations. The instrument is now ready for deployment to the high Argentinean Andes.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2008.10659,
title = {QUBIC V: Cryogenic system design and performance},
author = {S. Masi and E. S. Battistelli and P. de Bernardis and C. Chapron and F. Columbro and G. D'Alessandro and M. De Petris and L. Grandsire and J. -Ch. Hamilton and S. Marnieros and L. Mele and A. May and A. Mennella and C. O'Sullivan and A. Paiella and F. Piacentini and M. Piat and L. Piccirillo and G. Presta and A. Schillaci and A. Tartari and J. -P. Thermeau and S. A. Torchinsky and F. Voisin and M. Zannoni and P. Ade and J. G. Alberro and A. Almela and G. Amico and L. H. Arnaldi and D. Auguste and J. Aumont and S. Azzoni and S. Banfi and B. Bélier and A. Baù and D. Bennett and L. Bergé and J. -Ph. Bernard and M. Bersanelli and M. -A. Bigot-Sazy and J. Bonaparte and J. Bonis and E. Bunn and D. Burke and D. Buzi and F. Cavaliere and P. Chanial and R. Charlassier and A. C. Cobos Cerutti and A. Coppolecchia and G. De Gasperis and M. De Leo and S. Dheilly and C. Duca and L. Dumoulin and A. Etchegoyen and A. Fasciszewski and L. P. Ferreyro and D. Fracchia and C. Franceschet and M. M. Gamboa Lerena and K. M. Ganga and B. García and M. E. García Redondo and M. Gaspard and D. Gayer and M. Gervasi and M. Giard and V. Gilles and Y. Giraud-Heraud and M. Gómez Berisso and M. González and M. Gradziel and M. R. Hampel and D. Harari and S. Henrot-Versillé and F. Incardona and E. Jules and J. Kaplan and C. Kristukat and L. Lamagna and S. Loucatos and T. Louis and B. Maffei and W. Marty and A. Mattei and M. McCulloch and D. Melo and L. Montier and L. Mousset and L. M. Mundo and J. A. Murphy and J. D. Murphy and F. Nati and E. Olivieri and C. Oriol and F. Pajot and A. Passerini and H. Pastoriza and A. Pelosi and C. Perbost and M. Perciballi and F. Pezzotta and G. Pisano and M. Platino and G. Polenta and D. Prêle and R. Puddu and D. Rambaud and E. Rasztocky and P. Ringegni and G. E. Romero and J. M. Salum and C. G. Scóccola and S. Scully and S. Spinelli and G. Stankowiak and M. Stolpovskiy and A. D. Supanitsky and P. Timbie and M. Tomasi and G. Tucker and C. Tucker and D. Viganò and N. Vittorio and F. Wicek and M. Wright and A. Zullo},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2008.10659},
year = {2022}
}
Comments
This is one of a series of papers on the QUBIC experiment status - This version of the paper matches the one accepted for publication on Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics