The management of versioned knowledge graphs presents significant challenges, particularly in querying data across multiple versions efficiently. This paper introduces QuaQue, a key component of the ConVer-G system, which addresses this challenge by translating SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language) queries into SQL (Structured Query Language). QuaQue leverages a novel condensed algebra to operate on a relational model where versioning information is compactly stored using bitstrings. This approach allows for efficient querying of concurrent versions of knowledge graphs within a standard relational database system. We present the key concepts of our condensed algebra, detail the translation process from SPARQL algebra to SQL, and provide a comparative benchmark against a native RDF (Resource Description Framework) triple store, demonstrating the viability and performance benefits of our approach.
@article{arxiv.2603.18654,
title = {QuaQue: Design and SQL Implementation of Condensed Algebra for Concurrent Versioning of Knowledge Graphs},
author = {Jey Puget Gil and Emmanuel Coquery and John Samuel and Gilles Gesquière},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.18654},
year = {2026}
}