Quality Control of Mass-Produced GEM Detectors for the CMS GE1/1 Muon Upgrade
Abstract
The series of upgrades to the Large Hadron Collider, culminating in the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider, will enable a significant expansion of the physics program of the CMS experiment. However, the accelerator upgrades will also make the experimental conditions more challenging, with implications for detector operations, triggering, and data analysis. The luminosity of the proton-proton collisions is expected to exceed ~cms for Run 3 (starting in 2022), and it will be at least ~cms when the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider is completed for Run 4. These conditions will affect muon triggering, identification, and measurement, which are critical capabilities of the experiment. To address these challenges, additional muon detectors are being installed in the CMS endcaps, based on Gas Electron Multiplier technology. For this purpose, 161 large triple-Gas Electron Multiplier detectors have been constructed and tested. Installation of these devices began in 2019 with the GE1/1 station and will be followed by two additional stations, GE2/1 and ME0, to be installed in 2023 and 2026, respectively. The assembly and quality control of the GE1/1 detectors were distributed across several production sites around the world. We motivate and discuss the quality control procedures that were developed to standardize the performance of the detectors, and we present the final results of the production. Out of 161 detectors produced, 156 detectors passed all tests, and 144 detectors are now installed in the CMS experiment. The various visual inspections, gas tightness tests, intrinsic noise rate characterizations, and effective gas gain and response uniformity tests allowed the project to achieve this high success rate.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2203.12037,
title = {Quality Control of Mass-Produced GEM Detectors for the CMS GE1/1 Muon Upgrade},
author = {M. Abbas and M. Abbrescia and H. Abdalla and A. Abdelalim and S. AbuZeid and A. Agapitos and A. Ahmad and A. Ahmed and W. Ahmed and C. Aimè and C. Aruta and I. Asghar and P. Aspell and C. Avila and J. Babbar and Y. Ban and R. Band and S. Bansal and L. Benussi and T. Beyrouthy and V. Bhatnagar and M. Bianco and S. Bianco and K. Black and L. Borgonovi and O. Bouhali and A. Braghieri and S. Braibant and S. D. Butalla and S. Calzaferri and M. Caponero and J. Carlson and F. Cassese and N. Cavallo and S. S. Chauhan and S. Colafranceschi and A. Colaleo and J. Collins and A. Conde Garcia and M. Dalchenko and A. De Iorio and G. De Lentdecker and D. Dell Olio and G. De Robertis and W. Dharmaratna and S. Dildick and B. Dorney and R. Erbacher and F. Fabozzi and F. Fallavollita and A. Ferraro and D. Fiorina and E. Fontanesi and M. Franco and C. Galloni and P. Giacomelli and S. Gigli and J. Gilmore and M. Gola and M. Gruchala and A. Gutierrez and T. Hakkarainen and J. Hauser and K. Hoepfner and M. Hohlmann and H. Hoorani and T. Huang and P. Iaydjiev and A. Irshad and A. Iorio and F. Ivone and W. Jang and J. Jaramillo and A. Juodagalvis and E. Juska and B. Kailasapathy and T. Kamon and Y. Kang and P. Karchin and A. Kaur and H. Kaur and H. Keller and H. Kim and J. Kim and S. Kim and B. Ko and A. Kumar and S. Kumar and N. Lacalamita and J. S. H. Lee and A. Levin and Q. Li and F. Licciulli and L. Lista and K. Liyanage and F. Loddo and M. Luhach and M. Maggi and Y. Maghrbi and N. Majumdar and K. Malagalage and S. Malhotra and S. Martiradonna and C. McLean and J. Merlin and M. Misheva and G. Mocellin and L. Moureaux and A. Muhammad and S. Muhammad and S. Mukhopadhyay and M. Naimuddin and S. Nuzzo and R. Oliveira and P. Paolucci and I. C. Park and L. Passamonti and G. Passeggio and A. Peck and A. Pellecchia and N. Perera and L. Petre and H. Petrow and D. Piccolo and D. Pierluigi and M. Rahmani and F. Ramirez and A. Ranieri and G. Rashevski and B. Regnery and M. Ressegotti and C. Riccardi and M. Rodozov and E. Romano and C. Roskas and B. Rossi and P. Rout and J. D. Ruiz and A. Russo and A. Safonov and A. K. Sahota and D. Saltzberg and G. Saviano and A. Shah and A. Sharma and R. Sharma and T. Sheokand and M. Shopova and F. M. Simone and J. Singh and U. Sonnadara and A. Stamerra and E. Starling and B. Stone and J. Sturdy and G. Sultanov and Z. Szillasi and D. Teague and D. Teyssier and T. Tuuva and M. Tytgat and I. Vai and N. Vanegas and R. Venditti and P. Verwilligen and W. Vetens and A. K. Virdi and P. Vitulo and A. Wajid and D. Wang and K. Wang and I. J. Watson and N. Wickramage and D. D. C. Wickramarathna and S. Yang and U. Yang and Y. Yang and J. Yongho and I. Yoon and Z. You and I. Yu and S. Zaleski},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.12037},
year = {2022}
}
Comments
45 pages, 39 figures, submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A