English

Purported quantitative support for multiple introductions of SARS-CoV-2 into humans is an artefact of an imbalanced hypothesis testing framework

Quantitative Methods 2026-04-07 v3

Abstract

A prominent report claimed substantial support for two introductions of SARS-CoV-2 into humans using a calculation that combined phylodynamic inferences and epidemic models. Inspection of the calculation identifies an imbalance in the hypothesis testing framework that confounds this result; the single-introduction model was tested against more stringent conditions than the two-introduction model. Here, I show that when the two-introduction model is tested against the same conditions, the support disappears.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2502.20076,
  title  = {Purported quantitative support for multiple introductions of SARS-CoV-2 into humans is an artefact of an imbalanced hypothesis testing framework},
  author = {Angus McCowan},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.20076},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

Refactored explanations to be more accessible to readers unfamiliar with the subject research report