We present simple models to describe the in-plane and the out-of-plane lattice relaxation in twisted bilayer and symmetrically twisted trilayer graphene. Analytical results and series expansions show that for twist angles {\theta} > 1 ∘, the in-plane atomic displacements lead to pseudomagnetic fields weakly dependent on {\theta}. In symmetrically twisted trilayer graphene, the central layer in-plane relaxation is greatly enhanced. The joint effect of the relaxation-induced pseudoscalar potentials and the associated energy difference between interlayer dimer and non-dimer pairs resulted in a significant electron-hole asymmetry both in twisted bilayer and trilayer graphene.
@article{arxiv.2311.15052,
title = {Pseudomagnetic fields in fully relaxed twisted bilayer and trilayer graphene},
author = {Adrián Ceferino and Francisco Guinea},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2311.15052},
year = {2023}
}