English

Pseudo links in handlebodies

Geometric Topology 2021-10-12 v2 Group Theory

Abstract

In this paper we introduce and study the theory of pseudo links in the genus gg handlebody, HgH_g. Pseudo links are links with some missing crossing information that naturally generalize the notion of knot diagrams. The motivation for studying these relatively new knotted objects lies in the fact that pseudo links may be used to model DNA knots, since it is not uncommon for biologists to obtain DNA knots for which it is not possible to tell a positive from a negative crossing. We consider pseudo links in HgH_g as mixed pseudo links in S3S^3 and we generalize the Kauffman bracket polynomial for the category of pseudo links in HgH_g. We then pass on the category of mixed pseudo braids, that is, pseudo braids whose closures are pseudo links in HgH_g, and we formulate the analogue of the Alexander theorem. It is worth mentioning that the theory of pseudo links is close related to the theory of singular links and that all results in this paper may be used for studying singular links in HgH_g.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2106.03488,
  title  = {Pseudo links in handlebodies},
  author = {Ioannis Diamantis},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2106.03488},
  year   = {2021}
}

Comments

17 pages, 22 figures. Compared to the previous file, some remarks and a figure have been added. To appear in the Bulletin of the Hellenic Mathematical Society. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2101.03538

R2 v1 2026-06-24T02:54:19.040Z