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Products of finite order rotations and quantum gates universality

Quantum Physics 2017-04-14 v1 Mathematical Physics math.MP Number Theory

Abstract

We consider a product of two finite order quantum SU(2)SU(2)-gates U1U_1, U2U_2 and ask when U1U2U_1\cdot U_2 has an infinite order. Using the fact that SU(2)SU(2) is a double cover of SO(3)SO(3) we actually study the product O(γ,k12)O(\gamma,\vec{k}_{12}) of two rotations O(ϕ,k1)SO(3)O(\phi,\vec{k}_1)\in SO(3) and O(ϕ,k2)SO(3)O(\phi,\vec{k}_2)\in SO(3) about axes k1\vec{k}_1, k2R3\vec{k}_2\in \mathbb{R}^3. In particular we focus on the case when k1k2=0\vec{k}_1\cdot\vec{k}_2=0, and ϕ1=ϕ=ϕ2\phi_1=\phi=\phi_2 are rational multiple of π\pi and show that γ\gamma is not a rational multiple of π\pi unless ϕ{kπ2:kZ}\phi\in\{\frac{k\pi}{2}:k\in\mathbb{Z}\}. The proof presented in this paper boils down to finding all pairs γ,ϕ{aπ:aQ}\gamma,\phi\in \{a\pi : a\in\mathbb{Q}\} that are solutions of cosγ2=cos2ϕ2\cos\frac{\gamma}{2}=\cos^2\frac{\phi}{2}.

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Cite

@article{arxiv.1704.03887,
  title  = {Products of finite order rotations and quantum gates universality},
  author = {Katarzyna Karnas and Adam Sawicki},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1704.03887},
  year   = {2017}
}

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12 pages