English

Pretty good fractional revival on abelian Cayley graphs

Combinatorics 2025-10-17 v3

Abstract

Let Γ\Gamma be a graph with the adjacency matrix AA. The transition matrix of Γ\Gamma, denoted H(t)H(t), is defined as H(t):=exp(itA)H(t) := \exp(-\textbf{i}tA), where i:=1\textbf{i} := \sqrt{-1} and tt is a real variable. The graph Γ\Gamma is said to exhibit fractional revival (FR in short) between the vertices aa and bb if there exists a positive real number tt such that H(t)ea=αea+βebH(t){\textbf{e}_{a}} = \alpha{\textbf{e}_{a}} + \beta{\textbf{e}_{b}}, where α,βC\alpha, \beta \in \mathbb{C} such that β0\beta \neq 0 and α2+β2=1|\alpha|^2 + |\beta|^2 = 1. The graph Γ\Gamma is said to exhibit pretty good fractional revival (PGFR in short) between the vertices aa and bb if there exists a sequence of real numbers {tk}\{t_k\} with limkH(tk)ea=αea+βeb\lim_{k\to\infty} H(t_k){\textbf{e}_{a}} = \alpha{\textbf{e}_{a}} + \beta{\textbf{e}_{b}}, where α,βC\alpha, \beta \in \mathbb{C} such that β0\beta \neq 0 and α2+β2=1|\alpha|^2 + |\beta|^2 = 1. In the definition of PGFR, if α=0\alpha=0 then Γ\Gamma is said to exhibit pretty good state transfer (PGST in short) between aa and bb. In this paper, we obtain some sufficient conditions for circulant graphs exhibiting PGFR. We also find some sufficient conditions for non-circulant abelian Cayley graphs exhibiting PGFR. From these sufficient conditions, we find infinite families of circulant graphs and non-circulant abelian Cayley graphs exhibiting PGFR that fail to exhibit FR and PGST. Finally, we obtain some necessary conditions for some families of circulant graphs exhibiting PGFR. Some of our results generalize the results of Chan et al. [Pretty good quantum fractional revival in paths and cycles. \textit {Algebr. Comb.} 4(6) (2021), 989-1004.] for cycles.

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Cite

@article{arxiv.2503.20367,
  title  = {Pretty good fractional revival on abelian Cayley graphs},
  author = {Akash Kalita and Bikash Bhattacharjya},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.20367},
  year   = {2025}
}

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