English

Predictive Spectral Calibration for Source-Free Test-Time Regression

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 2026-03-11 v1

Abstract

Test-time adaptation (TTA) for image regression has received far less attention than its classification counterpart. Methods designed for classification often depend on classification-specific objectives and decision boundaries, making them difficult to transfer directly to continuous regression targets. Recent progress revisits regression TTA through subspace alignment, showing that simple source-guided alignment can be both practical and effective. Building on this line of work, we propose Predictive Spectral Calibration (PSC), a source-free framework that extends subspace alignment to block spectral matching. Instead of relying on a fixed support subspace alone, PSC jointly aligns target features within the source predictive support and calibrates residual spectral slack in the orthogonal complement. PSC remains simple to implement, model-agnostic, and compatible with off-the-shelf pretrained regressors. Experiments on multiple image regression benchmarks show consistent improvements over strong baselines, with particularly clear gains under severe distribution shifts.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2603.09338,
  title  = {Predictive Spectral Calibration for Source-Free Test-Time Regression},
  author = {Nguyen Viet Tuan Kiet and Huynh Thanh Trung and Pham Huy Hieu},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.09338},
  year   = {2026}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T11:12:03.258Z