English

Precision Analysis for $\boldsymbol{H_0}$ Using Upcoming Multi-band Gravitational Wave Observations

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics 2026-04-27 v1 General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Phenomenology

Abstract

We investigate how multi-band gravitational wave (GW) observations can constrain the uncertainties in the Hubble parameter (H0H_0) using primordial black holes (PBHs) as possible sources. Our framework combines scalar-induced and merger-induced GWs from PBHs, and forecasts on a combination of two future detectors Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and the Einstein Telescope (ET), enabling a multi-band analysis. We perform a statistical forecast of the PBH parameters, MPBHM_{\rm PBH} and fPBHf_{\rm PBH}, using signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimates and Fisher matrix analysis. Imposing SNR1\mathrm{SNR} \geq 1, we identify the accessible PBH parameter space and propagate these uncertainties to estimate the corresponding uncertainties in H0H_0. For δθi/θi0.1\delta \theta_i/\theta_i \leq 0.1, with θiMPBH(fPBH)\theta_i \equiv M_{\rm PBH}(f_{\rm PBH}), we find δH02 kms1Mpc1\delta H_0 \lesssim 2~{\rm km\,s^{-1}\,Mpc^{-1}} in a conservative approach, improving to δH0O(0.1) kms1Mpc1\delta H_0 \lesssim \mathcal{O}(0.1)~{\rm km\,s^{-1}\,Mpc^{-1}} for δθi/θi0.01\delta \theta_i/\theta_i \leq 0.01 for an optimistic approach of precision measurement. The results are further found to be largely insensitive to the fiducial choice of the H0H_0, with only moderate dependence on the PBH collapse efficiency. These findings demonstrate that multi-band GW observations provide an independent and complementary approach to constraining the uncertainties in H0H_0, with the potential to provide a novel, cosmic distance ladder-independent measure of the Hubble parameter.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2604.22731,
  title  = {Precision Analysis for $\boldsymbol{H_0}$ Using Upcoming Multi-band Gravitational Wave Observations},
  author = {Setabuddin and Md Riajul Haque and Ratna Koley and Supratik Pal},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.22731},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

24 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables