English

Pre-trained Models for Natural Language Processing: A Survey

Computation and Language 2021-06-24 v4 Machine Learning

Abstract

Recently, the emergence of pre-trained models (PTMs) has brought natural language processing (NLP) to a new era. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive review of PTMs for NLP. We first briefly introduce language representation learning and its research progress. Then we systematically categorize existing PTMs based on a taxonomy with four perspectives. Next, we describe how to adapt the knowledge of PTMs to the downstream tasks. Finally, we outline some potential directions of PTMs for future research. This survey is purposed to be a hands-on guide for understanding, using, and developing PTMs for various NLP tasks.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2003.08271,
  title  = {Pre-trained Models for Natural Language Processing: A Survey},
  author = {Xipeng Qiu and Tianxiang Sun and Yige Xu and Yunfan Shao and Ning Dai and Xuanjing Huang},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.08271},
  year   = {2021}
}

Comments

Invited Review of Science China Technological Sciences

R2 v1 2026-06-23T14:18:47.568Z