English

Positive first-order logic on words

Formal Languages and Automata Theory 2021-10-12 v6 Logic in Computer Science Logic

Abstract

We study FO+, a fragment of first-order logic on finite words, where monadic predicates can only appear positively. We show that there is a FO-definable language that is monotone in monadic predicates but not definable in FO+. This provides a simple proof that Lyndon's preservation theorem fails on finite structures. We additionally show that given a regular language, it is undecidable whether it is definable in FO+.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2101.01968,
  title  = {Positive first-order logic on words},
  author = {Denis Kuperberg},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2101.01968},
  year   = {2021}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-23T21:50:02.341Z