Plasmon dynamics in graphene
Abstract
Plasmon are collective oscillations of mobile electrons with dynamics controlled by their charge stiffness("Drude weight"). Using terahertz spacetime metrology, we probe Plasmon dynamics of mono- and bi-layer graphene. In both systems, the experimentally measured Drude weight systematically exceeds the prediction based on non-interacting electronic system. The relative enhancement increases as the carrier density decreases. We attribute the observed deviation to the interplay of interactions and wave function structure of the Dirac fermions in multi-layer graphene. Our results establish that pseudospin structure of the single-particle electronic wave function can directly influence collective excitations, with implications that extend beyond graphene to a broad class of quantum materials.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2601.10493,
title = {Plasmon dynamics in graphene},
author = {Suheng Xu and Birui Yang and Nishchhal Verma and Rocco A. Vitalone and Brian Vermilyea and Miguel Sánchez Sánchez and Julian Ingham and Ran Jing and Yinming Shao and Tobias Stauber and Angel Rubio and Milan Delor and Mengkun Liu and Michael M. Fogler and Cory R. Dean and Andrew Millis and Raquel Queiroz and D. N. Basov},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.10493},
year = {2026}
}