Abdominal CT data are limited by high annotation costs and privacy constraints, which hinder the development of robust segmentation and diagnostic models. We present a Prior-Integrated Variation Modeling (PIVM) framework, a diffusion-based method for anatomically accurate CT image synthesis. Instead of generating full images from noise, PIVM predicts voxel-wise intensity variations relative to organ-specific intensity priors derived from segmentation labels. These priors and labels jointly guide the diffusion process, ensuring spatial alignment and realistic organ boundaries. Unlike latent-space diffusion models, our approach operates directly in image space while preserving the full Hounsfield Unit (HU) range, capturing fine anatomical textures without smoothing. Source code is available at https://github.com/BZNR3/PIVM.
@article{arxiv.2603.22626,
title = {PIVM: Diffusion-Based Prior-Integrated Variation Modeling for Anatomically Precise Abdominal CT Synthesis},
author = {Dinglun He and Baoming Zhang and Xu Wang and Yao Hao and Deshan Yang and Ye Duan},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.22626},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
Accepted at the IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI) 2026 (Oral). Equal contribution by the first three authors