PHY Authentication for Ambient IoTs in Near-Field XL-MIMO Backscatter Communication Systems

Fikiri Salum Uledi; Hafsa Ahmad; Muhammad Bilal Janjua; Cagri Ozgenc Etemoglu; Huseyin Arslan

PHY Authentication for Ambient IoTs in Near-Field XL-MIMO Backscatter Communication Systems

Signal Processing 2026-07-24 v1

Authors: Fikiri Salum Uledi , Hafsa Ahmad , Muhammad Bilal Janjua , Cagri Ozgenc Etemoglu , Huseyin Arslan

Abstract

This letter exploits near-field (NF) spherical wavefronts to derive geometry-dependent physical signatures for backscatter device (BD) authentication in extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) backscatter communication systems. We propose a binary element-wise delay shift keying (EW-DSK) modulation scheme based on a multi-antenna BD architecture. The proposed scheme introduces a deterministic, bit-dependent delay that shifts the power delay profile (PDP) while preserving the aperture-dependent curvature induced by NF propagation. Using the dominant PDP component extracted across the receive antennas, we develop a compact delay-curvature signature extractor and a corresponding authentication test to mitigate BD impersonation attacks. Simulation results evaluate the proposed scheme in terms of curvature extraction accuracy, authentication accuracy, and spoofing success probability under different spoofer distances, signal-to-noise ratios, and effective bandwidths.

Keywords

physical layer authentication near-field XL-MIMO backscatter communication ambient IoT element-wise delay shift keying power delay profile spoofing attack

Cite

@article{arxiv.2607.22134,
  title  = {PHY Authentication for Ambient IoTs in Near-Field XL-MIMO Backscatter Communication Systems},
  author = {Fikiri Salum Uledi and Hafsa Ahmad and Muhammad Bilal Janjua and Cagri Ozgenc Etemoglu and Huseyin Arslan},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2607.22134},
  year   = {2026}
}