Large-scale pre-trained language models have been shown to be helpful in improving the naturalness of text-to-speech (TTS) models by enabling them to produce more naturalistic prosodic patterns. However, these models are usually word-level or sup-phoneme-level and jointly trained with phonemes, making them inefficient for the downstream TTS task where only phonemes are needed. In this work, we propose a phoneme-level BERT (PL-BERT) with a pretext task of predicting the corresponding graphemes along with the regular masked phoneme predictions. Subjective evaluations show that our phoneme-level BERT encoder has significantly improved the mean opinion scores (MOS) of rated naturalness of synthesized speech compared with the state-of-the-art (SOTA) StyleTTS baseline on out-of-distribution (OOD) texts.
@article{arxiv.2301.08810,
title = {Phoneme-Level BERT for Enhanced Prosody of Text-to-Speech with Grapheme Predictions},
author = {Yinghao Aaron Li and Cong Han and Xilin Jiang and Nima Mesgarani},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2301.08810},
year = {2023}
}