Phase Synchronization in Railway Timetables
Abstract
Timetable construction belongs to the most important optimization problems in public transport. Finding optimal or near-optimal timetables under the subsidiary conditions of minimizing travel times and other criteria is a targeted contribution to the functioning of public transport. In addition to efficiency (given, e.g., by minimal average travel times), a significant feature of a timetable is its robustness against delay propagation. Here we study the balance of efficiency and robustness in long-distance railway timetables (in particular the current long-distance railway timetable in Germany) from the perspective of synchronization, exploiting the fact that a major part of the trains run nearly periodically. We find that synchronization is highest at intermediate-sized stations. We argue that this synchronization perspective opens a new avenue towards an understanding of railway timetables by representing them as spatio-temporal phase patterns. Robustness and efficiency can then be viewed as properties of this phase pattern.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.1003.4012,
title = {Phase Synchronization in Railway Timetables},
author = {Christoph Fretter and Lachezar Krumov and Karsten Weihe and Matthias Müller-Hannemann and Marc-Thorsten Hütt},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1003.4012},
year = {2010}
}