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Persistently Trained, Diffusion-assisted Energy-based Models

Machine Learning 2023-04-24 v1 Machine Learning

Abstract

Maximum likelihood (ML) learning for energy-based models (EBMs) is challenging, partly due to non-convergence of Markov chain Monte Carlo.Several variations of ML learning have been proposed, but existing methods all fail to achieve both post-training image generation and proper density estimation. We propose to introduce diffusion data and learn a joint EBM, called diffusion assisted-EBMs, through persistent training (i.e., using persistent contrastive divergence) with an enhanced sampling algorithm to properly sample from complex, multimodal distributions. We present results from a 2D illustrative experiment and image experiments and demonstrate that, for the first time for image data, persistently trained EBMs can {\it simultaneously} achieve long-run stability, post-training image generation, and superior out-of-distribution detection.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2304.10707,
  title  = {Persistently Trained, Diffusion-assisted Energy-based Models},
  author = {Xinwei Zhang and Zhiqiang Tan and Zhijian Ou},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2304.10707},
  year   = {2023}
}

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main text 8 pages

R2 v1 2026-06-28T10:13:14.640Z