English

Pascal's Matrix, Point Counting on Elliptic Curves and Prolate Spheroidal Functions

Spectral Theory 2025-09-08 v2 Classical Analysis and ODEs Number Theory

Abstract

The eigenvectors of the (N+1)×(N+1)(N+1)\times (N+1) symmetric Pascal matrix TNT_N are analogs of prolate spheroidal wave functions in the discrete setting. The generating functions of the eigenvectors of TNT_N are prolate spheroidal functions in the sense that they are simultaneously eigenfunctions of a third-order differential operator and an integral operator over the critical line {zC:Re(z)=1/2}\{z\in\mathbb{C}: \text{Re}(z) = 1/2\}. For even, positive integers NN, we obtain an explicit formula for the generating function of an eigenvector of the symmetric pascal matrix with eigenvalue 11. In the special case when N=p1N=p-1 for an odd prime pp, we show that the generating function is equivalent modulo pp to (#Ez(Fp)1)2(\# E_z(\mathbb F_p)-1)^2, where #Ez(Fp)\# E_z(\mathbb F_p) is the number of points on the Legendre elliptic curve y2=x(x1)(xz)y^2 = x(x-1)(x-z) over the finite field Fp\mathbb F_p.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2508.08494,
  title  = {Pascal's Matrix, Point Counting on Elliptic Curves and Prolate Spheroidal Functions},
  author = {W. Riley Casper},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.08494},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

14 pages

R2 v1 2026-07-01T04:45:17.757Z