English

Parity distributions among gaps of free numerical semigroups

Number Theory 2026-03-18 v2

Abstract

In this paper, we extend recent results about the distribution of even and odd gaps of a numerical semigroup. We find that, for any numerical semigroup, the distribution can be computed in terms of the numbers of or the sums of odd and even elements in a corresponding Ap\'ery set. With free numerical semigroups specifically, we show that there are always at least as many odd gaps as even gaps, with equality precisely when the generating elements are all odd. We then specialize these results to the cases of numerical semigroups generated by compound and geometric sequences.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2511.05806,
  title  = {Parity distributions among gaps of free numerical semigroups},
  author = {Caleb McKinley Shor},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.05806},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

11 pages, accepted for publication in Communications in Algebra