English

$p$-Chords, Wee-Chords, and de Sitter Space

High Energy Physics - Theory 2025-04-18 v2 General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology

Abstract

One of us (L.S.) and H. Verlinde independently conjectured a holographic duality between the double-scaled SYK model at infinite temperature and dimensionally reduced (2+1)(2+1)-dimensional de Sitter space [1]-[8]. Beyond the statement that such a duality exists there was deep disagreement between the two proposals [9]. In this note, we trace the origin of the disagreement to a superficial similarity between two q-deformed algebraic structures: the algebra of "chords" in DSSYK, and the algebra of line operators in the Chern-Simons formulation of 3D de Sitter gravity. Assuming that these two structures are the same requires an identification of parameters [7][10] which leads to a collapse of the separation of scales [9] -- the separation being required by the semiclassical limit [3][9]. Dropping that assumption restores the separation of scales but leaves unexplained the relation between chords and Chern-Simons line operators. In this note we point out the existence of a third q-deformed algebra that appears in DSSYK: the algebra of ``wee-chords." Identifying the Chern-Simons line operators with wee-chords removes the discrepancy and leads to a satisfying relation between the two sides of the duality.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2407.12988,
  title  = {$p$-Chords, Wee-Chords, and de Sitter Space},
  author = {Adel A. Rahman and Leonard Susskind},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2407.12988},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

30 + 15 pages, 3 figures; updated formatting (V2)

R2 v1 2026-06-28T17:45:10.260Z