English

P-Bubbles, Q-Bubbles, and Risk Premia

Mathematical Finance 2026-08-03 v1 Theoretical Economics

Abstract

We develop a unified modeling framework that connects two distinct types of bubbles defined in the literature: the rational bubbles (aka P-bubbles), and the local martingale bubbles (aka Q-bubbles). We show that the local martingale bubble model includes the classical rational bubble as a special case. We relate both types of bubbles to an equity's risk premium via a novel decomposition.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2608.01554,
  title  = {P-Bubbles, Q-Bubbles, and Risk Premia},
  author = {Robert A. Jarrow and Simon S. Kwok},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2608.01554},
  year   = {2026}
}