English

$p$-Adic quotient sets: linear recurrence sequences

Number Theory 2022-11-22 v2

Abstract

Let (xn)n0(x_n)_{n\geq0} be a linear recurrence of order k2k\geq2 satisfying xn=a1xn1+a2xn2++akxnkx_n=a_1x_{n-1}+a_2x_{n-2}+\dots+a_kx_{n-k} for all integers nkn\geq k, where a1,,ak,x0,,xk1Z,a_1,\dots,a_k,x_0,\dots, x_{k-1}\in \mathbb{Z}, with ak0a_k\neq0. In [`The quotient set of kk-generalised Fibonacci numbers is dense in Qp\mathbb{Q}_p', \emph{Bull. Aust. Math. Soc.} \textbf{96} (2017), 24-29], Sanna posed an open question to classify primes pp for which the quotient set of (xn)n0(x_n)_{n\geq0} is dense in Qp\mathbb{Q}_p. In this article, we find a sufficient condition for denseness of the quotient set of the kkth-order linear recurrence (xn)n0(x_n)_{n\geq0} satisfying xn=a1xn1+a2xn2++akxnk x_{n}=a_1x_{n-1}+a_2x_{n-2}+\dots+a_kx_{n-k} for all integers nkn\geq k with initial values x0==xk2=0,xk1=1x_0=\dots=x_{k-2}=0,x_{k-1}=1, where a1,,akZa_1,\dots,a_k\in \mathbb{Z} and ak=1a_k=1. We show that given a prime pp, there exist infinitely many recurrence sequences of order k2k\geq 2 so that their quotient sets are not dense in Qp\mathbb{Q}_p. We also study the quotient sets of linear recurrence sequences with coefficients in some arithmetic and geometric progressions.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2207.07084,
  title  = {$p$-Adic quotient sets: linear recurrence sequences},
  author = {Deepa Antony and Rupam Barman},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2207.07084},
  year   = {2022}
}

Comments

To appear in Bulletin Australian Math. Soc

R2 v1 2026-06-25T00:55:29.289Z