English

Origin of cosmological temperature

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics 2020-05-13 v1 General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Theory

Abstract

A classical solution of the Standard Model + General Relativity is given by an elliptic function whose periodicity in imaginary time is the origin of cosmological temperature. Nothing beyond the Standard Model is assumed. The solution is a Spin(4)\mathrm{Spin}(4)-symmetric universe expanding prior to the electroweak transition. A rapidly oscillating SU(2)\mathrm{SU}(2) gauge field holds the Higgs field to 00 with strength inversely proportional to the scale factor aa. When aa reaches aEWa_{\scriptscriptstyle\mathrm{EW}} the solution becomes unstable and the electoweak transition begins. aEWa_{\scriptscriptstyle\mathrm{EW}} is the only free parameter in the solution. The temperature at aEWa_{\scriptscriptstyle\mathrm{EW}} is mH/(6π)1/2=28.8GeV=3.34×1014Km_{H}/{(6\pi)^{1/2}} = 28.8\,\text{GeV} = 3.34 \times 10^{14}\, \text{K} whatever the value of aEWa_{\scriptscriptstyle\mathrm{EW}}.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2005.05349,
  title  = {Origin of cosmological temperature},
  author = {Daniel Friedan},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.05349},
  year   = {2020}
}

Comments

4 pages, 1 figure, supplemental material (a note showing detailed calculations and a SageMath notebook performing numerical calculations)

R2 v1 2026-06-23T15:28:08.224Z