English

Optimizing Antihydrogen Production via Slow Plasma Merging

Atomic Physics 2025-11-11 v1 High Energy Physics - Experiment Plasma Physics

Abstract

We measure the time-dependent temperature and density distribution of antiprotons and positrons while slowly combining them to make antihydrogen atoms in a nested Penning-Malmberg trap. The total antihydrogen yield and the number of atoms escaping the trap as a beam are greatest when the positron temperature is lowest and when antiprotons enter the positron plasma at the smallest radius. We control these parameters by changing the rate at which we lower the electrostatic barrier between the antiproton and positron plasmas and by heating the positrons. With the optimal settings, we produce 2.3×1062.3\times 10^6 antihydrogen atoms per 1515-minute run, surpassing the previous state of the art -- 3.1×1043.1\times 10^4 atoms in 44 minutes -- by a factor of 2020.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2511.06883,
  title  = {Optimizing Antihydrogen Production via Slow Plasma Merging},
  author = {E D Hunter and M Bumbar and C Amsler and M Bayo and H Breuker and M Cerwenka and G Costantini and R Ferragut and M Giammarchi and A Gligorova and G Gosta and M Hori and C Killian and V Kraxberger and N Kuroda and A Lanz and M Leali and G Maero and C Malbrunot and V Mascagna and Y Matsuda and S Migliorati and D J Murtagh and M Romé and R E Sheldon and M C Simon and M Tajima and V Toso and S Ulmer and L Venturelli and A Weiser and E Widmann},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.06883},
  year   = {2025}
}
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