Optical bistability of continuous-wave and multi-pulse phase transition within EDFL via low threshold saturable absorber
Optics
2025-12-01 v1
Abstract
We demonstrate optical bistability in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) using a low saturation intensity covalent organic framework (COF) saturable absorber (SA). The COF-SA satisfies the free-energy criterion for bistability, enabling switching among non-lasing, continuous-wave, and mode-locking states. Two optical bistability regions are observed, including a distinctive direct mode-locking to non-lasing transition during pump down-sweep, absent in previous EDFL studies. Stable soliton-like pulses and stepwise pulse-number hysteresis further indicate first-order phase-transition-like dynamics. These results show that low-saturation intensity SAs offer a compact route to bistability-assisted pulse formation in fiber lasers.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2511.23360,
title = {Optical bistability of continuous-wave and multi-pulse phase transition within EDFL via low threshold saturable absorber},
author = {Hsuan-Sen Wang and Wen-Hsuan Kuan and Ahmed F. M. El-Mahdy and Gong-Ru Lin and Kuei-Huei Lin and Shiao-Wei Kuo and Chao-Kuei Lee},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.23360},
year = {2025}
}
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6 figures