English

Optical Appearance of Eccentric Tidal Disruption Events

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena 2024-02-29 v1

Abstract

Stars approaching supermassive black holes can be tidally disrupted. Despite being expected to emit X-rays, TDEs have been largely observed in optical bands, which is poorly understood. In this Letter, we simulate the tidal disruption of a 1 M1~M_\odot main sequence star on an eccentric (e=0.95e=0.95) orbit with a periapsis distance one or five times smaller than the tidal radius (β=1\beta = 1 or 55) using general relativistic smoothed particle hydrodynamics. We follow the simulation for up to a year post-disruption. We show that accretion disks in eccentric TDEs are masked by unbound material outflowing at 10,000 \sim10,000~km/s. Assuming electron scattering opacity, this material would be visible as a 100 \sim100~au photosphere at 104 \sim10^4~K, in line with observations of candidate TDEs.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2312.03210,
  title  = {Optical Appearance of Eccentric Tidal Disruption Events},
  author = {Fangyi and Hu and Daniel J. Price and Ilya Mandel},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2312.03210},
  year   = {2024}
}

Comments

11 pages, 5 figures, submitted to ApJL

R2 v1 2026-06-28T13:42:23.159Z