English

Only the Curve Shape Matters: Training Foundation Models for Zero-Shot Multivariate Time Series Forecasting through Next Curve Shape Prediction

Machine Learning 2024-02-20 v2 Artificial Intelligence

Abstract

We present General Time Transformer (GTT), an encoder-only style foundation model for zero-shot multivariate time series forecasting. GTT is pretrained on a large dataset of 200M high-quality time series samples spanning diverse domains. In our proposed framework, the task of multivariate time series forecasting is formulated as a channel-wise next curve shape prediction problem, where each time series sample is represented as a sequence of non-overlapping curve shapes with a unified numerical magnitude. GTT is trained to predict the next curve shape based on a window of past curve shapes in a channel-wise manner. Experimental results demonstrate that GTT exhibits superior zero-shot multivariate forecasting capabilities on unseen time series datasets, even surpassing state-of-the-art supervised baselines. Additionally, we investigate the impact of varying GTT model parameters and training dataset scales, observing that the scaling law also holds in the context of zero-shot multivariate time series forecasting.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2402.07570,
  title  = {Only the Curve Shape Matters: Training Foundation Models for Zero-Shot Multivariate Time Series Forecasting through Next Curve Shape Prediction},
  author = {Cheng Feng and Long Huang and Denis Krompass},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.07570},
  year   = {2024}
}