English

One step further with Monte-Carlo sampler to guide diffusion better

Machine Learning 2026-03-10 v1

Abstract

Stochastic differential equation (SDE)-based generative models have achieved substantial progress in conditional generation via training-free differentiable loss-guided approaches. However, existing methodologies utilizing posterior sam- pling typically confront a substantial estimation error, which results in inaccu- rate gradients for guidance and leading to inconsistent generation results. To mitigate this issue, we propose that performing an additional backward denois- ing step and Monte-Carlo sampling (ABMS) can achieve better guided diffu- sion, which is a plug-and-play adjustment strategy. To verify the effectiveness of our method, we provide theoretical analysis and propose the adoption of a dual-focus evaluation framework, which further serves to highlight the critical problem of cross-condition interference prevalent in existing approaches. We conduct experiments across various task settings and data types, mainly includ- ing conditional online handwritten trajectory generation, image inverse problems (inpainting, super resolution and gaussian deblurring) molecular inverse design and so on. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach can be effec- tively used with higher order samplers and consistently improves the quality of generation samples across all the different scenarios.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2603.06685,
  title  = {One step further with Monte-Carlo sampler to guide diffusion better},
  author = {Minsi Ren and Wenhao Deng and Ruiqi Feng and Tailin Wu},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.06685},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

16 pages, 7 figures, accepted at ICLR2026

R2 v1 2026-07-01T11:07:40.591Z