English

On Ultra $k$-Secure Sets in Graphs

Combinatorics 2026-07-27 v1

Abstract

In a graph G=(V,E)G=(V,E), let SS be a non empty subset of VV. For any xSx\in S, the vertex xx and its neighbors inside SS are defenders of xx, whereas those lying outside SS are attackers on xx. An attack on SS is an S|S|-tuple of pairwise disjoint sets of attackers on vertices of SS, whereas a defense is that of defenders. An attack on SS is defendable if SS has a defense, which provides at least as many defenders as attackers for each of its vertices. The set SS is a secure set if every attack on SS is defendable. Further, SS is an ultra secure set if SS has a defense which successfully defends SS against every attack. For an integer k0k\geq 0, a kk-secure set SS is a secure set in which for any attack on SS, there is a defense of SS with kk additional defenders for every vertex of SS having neighbors outside SS. As a generalization of ultra security, in this paper ultra kk-secure sets and ultra kk-security number of a graph are introduced. A characterization of ultra kk-secure sets is obtained and using which ultra kk-security numbers of complete multipartite graphs and grid-like graphs are computed.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2608.02631,
  title  = {On Ultra $k$-Secure Sets in Graphs},
  author = {K Karthik and Chandru Hegde},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2608.02631},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

17 pages, 8 figures. Submitted to Discrete Mathematics & Theoretical Computer Science (DMTCS)